<\/p>\n
| \n \n \u81ea\u5df1\u5275\u9020\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5728\u5275\u696d\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\u5c31\u60f3\u65b0\u751f\u5152\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u50cf\u5bb6\u9577\u64d4\u5fc3\u5c0f\u5b69\u96a8\u6642\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u6e2c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5275\u696d\u8005\u4e5f\u5728\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\u5730\u7167\u9867\u8457\u516c\u53f8\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f9e\u7167\u9867\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8b1b\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u662f\u76e1\u8cac\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u9577\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u8b39\u5c0f\u614e\u5fae\u3001\u4e8b\u7121\u9245\u7d30\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f(micromanagement)\u537b\u5e38\u5e38\u62db\u4f86\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u53cd\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n \u96d6\u7136\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\u9700\u8981\u5475\u8b77\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u8077\u696d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u50f1\u50ad\u4e86\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6709\u6280\u8853\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u5f85\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u986f\u5f97\u662f\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u8b93\u54e1\u5de5\u6309\u7167\u8077\u4f4d\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u516c\u53f8\u76ee\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u548c\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\u61c9\u7576\u5b78\u6703\u4fe1\u4efb\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6642\u5019\u7d66\u4e88\u4ed6\u5011\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u6253\u58d3\u6216\u57cb\u6ec5\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n \u8001\u95c6\u76e3\u8996\uff0c\u9069\u5f97\u5176\u53cd<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u6709\u201c\u89c0\u5bdf\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u4e00\u8aaa\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7528\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e9e\u539f\u5b50\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u89c0\u5bdf\u6240\u7528\u7684\u5149\u6ce2\u6216\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u5177\u6709\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u8c61\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7c92\u5b50\u6703\u5c0d\u88ab\u89c0\u5bdf\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u89c0\u5bdf\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u4fdd\u8b49\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u7a2e\u201c\u89c0\u5bdf\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u6574\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n \u904e\u65bc\u7d30\u7bc0\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6703\u7522\u751f\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u54e1\u5de5\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u8001\u95c6\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u76e3\u7763\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u610f\u8b58\u6703\u53cd\u61c9\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u9019\u7a2e\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u8001\u95c6\u5c31\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u54e1\u5de5\u771f\u5be6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5834\u666f\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u985e\u4f3c\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u5730\u7d66\u54e1\u5de5\u65bd\u52a0\u4e86\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u9054\u4e0d\u5230\u8001\u95c6\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u54e1\u5de5\u548c\u8001\u95c6\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u5145\u5206\u548c\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8001\u95c6\u66f4\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u52a0\u5f37\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u540d\u6b63\u8a00\u9806\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u8ff4\u5708\u3002<\/p>\n \u54e1\u5de5\u4e0d\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u4e4b\u91cd<\/strong><\/p>\n Peggy Drexler\u53bb\u5e74\u5728\u798f\u5e03\u65af\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u6558\u8ff0\u4e86\u9047\u5230\u201c\u9ad8\u58d3\u8001\u95c6\u201d(helicopter boss)\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8aaa\u662f\u6709\u904e\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u6b32\u7684\u8001\u95c6\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8001\u95c6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8001\u95c6\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u54e1\u5de5\u751f\u7522\u529b\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u963b\u7919\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6c92\u4eba\u60f3\u5728\u5225\u4eba\u5484\u5484\u903c\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u76ae\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n Drexler\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8001\u95c6\u5c08\u6ce8\u7d30\u7bc0\u904e\u5ea6\u5c31\u6703\u8b93\u54e1\u5de5\u611f\u5230\u9ad8\u58d3\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5fae\u5999\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5bc6\u5207\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u54e1\u5de5\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e0d\u76e1\u5982\u4eba\u610f\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u6dd8\u6c70\u54e1\u5de5\u3001\u50f1\u50ad\u4fe1\u4efb\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6642\u6642\u523b\u523b\u76e3\u7763\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u7262\u7262\u628a\u63e1\u516c\u53f8\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u5bb3\u6015\u516c\u53f8\u5931\u6557\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u54e1\u5de5\u5728\u4f60\u76e3\u7763\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u597d\u597d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u600e\u9ebc\u6307\u671b\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u66f4\u96aa\u60e1\u7684\u5834\u666f\u3001\u6bd4\u5982\u8ac7\u5224\u684c\u4e0a\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u5462?\u56e0\u6b64\u9069\u5ea6\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u770b\u4f86\u662f\u6709\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f46\u58d3\u529b\u904e\u5ea6\u537b\u6703\u628a\u4eba\u618b\u7684\u5598\u4e0d\u904e\u6c23\u4f86\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u56e0\u70ba\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u54e1\u5de5\u672c\u53ef\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u826f\u597d\u767c\u63ee\u3002\u9577\u6b64\u4ee5\u5f80\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u751a\u81f3\u6703\u61f7\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u57f9\u990a\u5167\u5728\u9a45\u52d5\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u904e\u5ea6\u7ba1\u7406\u6703\u62db\u4f86\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u525d\u596a\u4e86\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6eff\u8db3\u3002\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\u300a\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\u300b(Drive)\u7684\u4f5c\u8005Daniel Pink\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u7d66\u54e1\u5de5\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8b93\u6709\u4e9b\u8001\u95c6\u89ba\u5f97\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u63d0\u9ad8\u54e1\u5de5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n Pink\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6280\u8853\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u57fa\u672c\uff0c\u5167\u5728\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u56e0\u7d20\u5c0d\u63d0\u9ad8\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5247\u986f\u5f97\u6108\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027(autonomy)\u3001\u6280\u5de7\u638c\u63a7(mastery)\u548c\u8a08\u5283\u6027(purpose)\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5167\u5b9a\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n \u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u662f\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u638c\u63e1\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u5168\u529b\u7684\u610f\u9858\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7d66\u984d\u5916\u7d66\u591a\u5c11\u9322\u3001\u591a\u5c11\u798f\u5229\u6216\u6d25\u8cbc\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u58d3\u6291\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u672c\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8001\u95c6\u5c0d\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u5404\u9805\u6c7a\u7b56\u6216\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u8981\u6a6b\u52a0\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u5c31\u525d\u596a\u4e86\u54e1\u5de5\u81ea\u6211\u6eff\u8db3\u7684\u5168\u529b\u2014\u2014\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6eff\u8db3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9760\u7368\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u6311\u6230\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0b\u9762\u4f86\u8ac7\u8ac7\u201c\u6280\u5de7\u638c\u63e1\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u9577\u671f\u81ea\u4e3b\u5de5\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u624d\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\uff0c\u9019\u671f\u9593\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6216\u652f\u63f4\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u638c\u63e1\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u6eff\u8db3\u611f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7121\u8207\u502b\u6bd4\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n Pink\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u8005\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u8001\u95c6\u76e3\u8996\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u54e1\u5de5\u6703\u66f4\u8ce3\u529b\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u559c\u6b61\u53bb\u5617\u8a66\u6709\u6311\u6230\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u548cLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7d71\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u6311\u6230\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u559c\u6b61\u6311\u6230\u6709\u6280\u8853\u96e3\u5ea6\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u653b\u514b\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u611f\u8d85\u8d8a\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u734e\u52f5\u3002<\/p>\n \u4fc3\u6210\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u70ba\u5be6\u73fe\u67d0\u500b\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u4ed8\u51fa\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5e0c\u671b\u5be6\u73fe\u81ea\u8eab\u50f9\u503c\u5916\u7684\u6771\u897f\u7684\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u6a23\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u80fd\u63db\u4f86\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u3002<\/p>\n \u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7528\u904e\u5ea6\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u58d3\u6291\u54e1\u5de5\u7a4d\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9032\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5f15\u5c0e\uff0c\u8b93\u54e1\u5de5\u70ba\u5b8c\u6210\u516c\u53f8\u4efb\u52d9\u767c\u63ee\u51fa\u6700\u597d\u548c\u6700\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n 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