{"id":43,"date":"2019-07-01T06:47:00","date_gmt":"2019-07-01T06:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pro369.com\/linux\/?p=43"},"modified":"2019-07-01T06:47:00","modified_gmt":"2019-07-01T06:47:00","slug":"%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e6%a6%82%e8%ab%96%ef%bc%88linux%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%ad%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e6%a6%82%e8%ab%96%ef%bc%88linux%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%ad%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7db2\u8def\u6280\u8853\u6982\u8ad6\uff08Linux\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u8a2d\u6280\u8853\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7db2\u8def\u6280\u8853\u6982\u8ad6\uff08Linux\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u8a2d\u6280\u8853\uff09<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u5b78\u54e1\u7db2\u7ba1\u4eba\u54e1\u53c3\u8003\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5c0d\u7db2\u7ba1\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u6545\u969c\u5075\u932f\u3001\u4f3a\u670d\u5b89\u88dd\u8207\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7b49\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\uff08NetWork\uff09\u662f\u5229\u7528\u50b3\u8f38\u7dda\uff08\u6216\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u6ce2\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u56db\u6563\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u9023\u7d50\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u901a\u3002
\u5728\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7db2\u8def\u5c1a\u672a\u5341\u5206\u767c\u9054\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u96fb\u8166\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u4e4b\u9593\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4ea4\u63db\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u9760\u78c1\u789f\u7247\u4f86\u505a\u70ba\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002
\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u6642\u8cc7\u6599\u91cf\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u591a\u5f35\u789f\u7247\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ebb\u7169\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u8166\u5217\u8868\u57e0\uff0c\u4ee5 LL3 \u7dda\u6750\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u518d\u5854\u914d\u7279\u5b9a\u8edf\u9ad4\uff0c\u628a\u5169\u53f0\u96fb\u4e32\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ea4\u63db\u6a94\u6848\u3002
\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u9ede\u50cf\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6a23\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u5c0d\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u7db2(surf the internet)\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u73a9\u6e38\u6232\u3001\u770b\u65b0\u805e\u3001\u8cfc\u7269…\u7b49\u3002
\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u6709\u5169\u500b\u4e3b\u9ad4\u89c0\u5ff5\u51fa\u73fe\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u7db2\u7ad9\u670d\u52d9\u4e3b\u6a5f (Server)\uff0c\u5982 tw.yahoo.com\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u805e\u3001\u8cfc\u7269\u3001\u62cd\u8ce3\u3001\u5b57\u5178…\u7b49\u773e\u591a\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u7b49\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e0a\u9580\u3002
\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u662f\uff1a\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u96fb\u8166(Client)\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u8ca0\u8cac\u8b93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u7db2\u5740\u5217\u4e0a\u8f38\u5165\u7db2\u5740\uff0c\u6309\u500b\u300cEnter\u300d\uff0c\u4fbf\u628a\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u79c0\u5728\u87a2\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002
\u800c\u9019\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8fd1\u5728\u54ab\u5c3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9060\u5728\u5929\u908a\u3002
\u70ba\u9054\u6210\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7c21\u8981\u4ecb\u7d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def<\/strong>InterNet<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u53eb\u300cNet\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b78\u54e1\u800c\u4f8b\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u96fb\u8166\u7528\u7db2\u8def\u7dda\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u300c\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u3002
\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5169\u6240\u5b78\u54e1\u4e92\u9023\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u300c\u6821\u5712\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6821\u5712\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u4e92\u9023\u3002
\u800c\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u300cinter-net\u300d\u4fbf\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1a\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u8207\u7db2\u8def\u4e4b\u9593\u300d\u4e92\u9023\uff0c\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cInterNet \u5c31\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e32\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b78\u54e1\u9023\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5b78\u54e1\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u5230\u7f8e\u570b amazon \u8cb7\u66f8\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5927\u9678\u6dd8\u5bf6\u7db2\u8cfc\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/font>
OSI \u4e03\u5c64\u6b21\u67b6\u69cb\u8207 TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c64\u6b21\u67b6\u69cb<\/p>\n

    OSI \u4e03\u5c64
    TCP \/ IP \u56db\u5c64
    \u7c21\u8981\u8aaa\u660e
Layer 7
    \u61c9\u7528\u5c64
    
\u61c9\u7528\u5c64<\/strong><\/font>
 
\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982 IE, Firefox, FTP…\u7b49
\u76f8\u95dc\u8a2d\u5099\uff1a\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u96fb\u8a71\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u9632\u79a6\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08IPS\uff09\u7b49
Layer 6
    \u8868\u9054\u5c64
Layer 5
    \u5c0d\u8ac7\u5c64
Layer 4
    \u50b3\u9001\u5c64
    TCP \/ UDP
    <\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u4e4b\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\uff1b\u70ba\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u8a2d\u670d\u52d9\u7a97\u53e3\uff08Port\uff09
TCP\uff1a\u5f37\u8abf\u8cc7\u6599\u6b63\u78ba\uff1b\u591a\u7528\u65bc HTTP, FTP\u7b49\u6ce8\u91cd\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u670d\u52d9
UPD\uff1a\u5f37\u8abf\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001\u9806\u66a2\uff1b\u591a\u7528\u65bc\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u7db2\u8def\u96fb\u8a71\u8a9e\u97f3\u50b3\u9001
\u76f8\u95dc\u8a2d\u5099\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u7246\u7b49
Layer 3
    \u7db2\u8def\u5c64
    IPv4 \/ ICMP \/ ARP
IPv6 \/ NDP(\u82b3\u9130\u63a2\u7d22\u5354\u5b9a)     <\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740(v4\/v6)\uff1b\u7db2\u5361 MAC \u4f4d\u5740\u4e4b\u5c0d\u6620
\u76f8\u95dc\u8a2d\u5099\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216 L3 Switch
Layer 2
    \u8cc7\u6599\u9023\u63a5\u5c64
    Host-to-Network
MAC
    <\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5be6\u969b\u8ca0\u8cac\u7db2\u8def\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u50b3\u9001\u8207\u63a5\u6536\u4e4b\u786c\u9ad4\u8a2d\u5099
\u6bcf\u5f35\u7db2\u5361\u7686\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u7d44\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u7684 MAC \u4f4d\u5740
\u76f8\u95dc\u8a2d\u5099\uff1a\u6709\u7dda\uff0f\u7121\u7db2\u7db2\u5361\u3001\u96c6\u7dda\u5668
Layer 1
    \u5be6\u9ad4\u5c64<\/strong><\/font>
\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u76f8\u9023\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u9694\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\u3002\u8981\u8b93\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u80fd\u4e92\u901a\u6709\u7121\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u4f60\u8b1b\u4f60\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b1b\u4ed6\u7684\uff0c\u8ab0\u4e5f\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e86\u7db2\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u6a19\u6e96\u7d44\u7e54(ISO)\u5c31\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u7d44\u958b\u653e\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e92\u9023\uff08OSI\uff09\u53c3\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u3002TCP\/IP \u7db2\u8def\u67b6\u69cb\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u7406\u5ff5\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5f37\u529b\u7684\u63a8\u5ee3\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7136\u53d6\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u7684\u8a8d\u53ef\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u4e92\u9023\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u5169\u7bc7\u5f15\u85a6\u6587\u7e41\u96dc\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u7c21\u5316\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u91cd\u9ede\uff1a
Socket<\/p>\n

   1. Server \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u555f\u52d5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fc5\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u7db2\u8def Socket \uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b Socket \u5305\u542b\u4e86 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u53ca\u76e3\u807d Port Number(1-1024)
   2. Client \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u555f\u52d5\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u9023\u7dda\u6642\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u6703\u5efa\u59a5 Socket\uff0c\u53ea\u662f client \u7684 Port Number \u4ecb\u65bc 1024 -65535
   3. Client \u9023\u7dda\u81f3 Server \u6642\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f62\u6210 Socket pair\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u9023\u7dda\u4e26\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599<\/p>\n

Soket Pair<\/p>\n

Client\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u4f8b\uff1aFirefox
    →     <\/p>\n

Server \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u4f8b\uff1aApache2+PHP<\/p>\n

\u4f86\u6e90 IP Address
\u4f8b\uff1a 163.26.182.99
    <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 IP Address
\u4f8b\uff1a 163.26.200.3<\/p>\n

\u4f86\u6e90 Port
\u4f8b\uff1aport 6524
    <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u5730 Port
\u4f8b\uff1a 80<\/p>\n

\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001<\/p>\n

    * Server \u7aef\u6703\u5148\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\u50b3\u8f38\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5207\u5272\u6253\u5305(\u5efa\u7acb\u5c01\u5305)\uff0c\u518d\u5206\u6279\u9001\u81f3 client \u7aef\u3002 \u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e56\u4e56\u7684\u628a\u6240\u6709\u5c01\u5305\u4f9d\u9806\u5e8f\u8d70\u540c\u4e00\u689d\u8def\uff08\u8def\u7531\uff09\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6311\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8f03\u77ed\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u5206\u6279\u9001\u51fa\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u518d\u7d44\u5408\u56de\u4f86\u3002
    * \u6bcf\u500b\u5c01\u5305(Packet)\uff0c\u7686\u5206\u6210 header \u53ca data \u5169\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d header \u4fbf\u8a18\u8f09\u4f86\u6e90 IP\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730 IP\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u7b49\u8cc7\u6599
    * \u5c01\u5305\u9001\u81f3 Client \u6642\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u5224\u65b7\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684 IP Address \u662f\u5426\u8655\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7db2\u6bb5
          o \u540c\u7db2\u6bb5 → \u627e\u5230\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u7db2\u5361\uff0c\u628a\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u51fa\u53bb
                + IPv4\uff1a\u900f\u904e ARP \u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8a72\u7db2\u5361\u4e4b MAC Address \uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u50b3\u9001\u5c01\u5305
                + IPv6\uff1a\u900f\u904e NDP(Neighbor Discovery Protocol)\u4e4b neighbor solicitataion message \u66a8 neighbor advertisement message\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730 MAC \u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u628a\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u81f3\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e3b\u6a5f
          o \u4e0d\u76f8\u540c → \u628a\u5c01\u5305\u4ea4\u7d66\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8655\u7406
                + IPv4\uff1a\u7531 ARP \u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684 MAC Address\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7d66\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u518d\u6839\u64da\u76ee\u7684\u5730 IP Address \u9001\u81f3\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e3b\u6a5f
                + IPv6\uff1a\u7531 NDP \u7684 Router solicitation message \u66a8 Router advertisement message\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8def\u7531\u5668 MAC \u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u518d\u4ea4\u7531\u5176\u8655\u7406\u50b3\u9001<\/p>\n

    * \u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8acb\u898b\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u4ef6\u300cIPv4\u7db2\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u300d\u4e4b\u7c21\u8981\u8aaa\u660e
    * \u95dc\u65bc IPv6 \u7684\u82b3\u9130\u63a2\u7d22\u5354\u5b9a(Neighbor Discovery Protocol; NDP)\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u4e0b\u5217\u6587\u4ef6
          o http:\/\/140.116.82.34\/dclin\/technique_paper\/IPv6\/neighbor_discovery.htm
          o http:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/cc781068%28WS.10%29.aspx
          o http:\/\/www.cu.ipv6tf.org\/literatura\/chap6.pdf
          o http:\/\/www.cu.ipv6tf.org\/literatura\/chap4.pdf<\/p>\n

\u4ee5IPv4\u70ba\u4f8b\u7d30\u8aaa\u4e0d\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u5169\u53f0\u96fb\u8166\u4ea4\u63db\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u662f\u627f\u63a5\u4e0a\u9762\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4ee5\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u4ee5 IPv4 \u4f5c\u70ba\u8aaa\u660e\u7684\u4e3b\u8ef8\uff0c\u8207 IPv6 \u7684\u5dee\u7570\u9ede\u50c5\u5728\u5c0b\u627e MAC Address \u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e0d\u540c(IPv4→ARP; IPv6→NDP)\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6709\u8cc7\u6599\u8981\u9001\u5230\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u6703\u7531\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\u5230\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64\uff0c\u5c64\u5c64\u52a0\u4e0a Header\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f03\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u5f9e\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\u50b3\u5230\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u6642\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f86\u6e90 IP \u53ca\u76ee\u7684\u5730 IP
    * \u5f80\u4e0b\u9001\u81f3\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64\u6642\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684 MAC Address
      \u56e0\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f9d\u5176\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u5224\u8b80\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684 IP Adress \u5f8c\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u540c\u8655\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684 MAC Address
    * \u6700\u5f8c\u5c01\u5305\u7531\u5be6\u9ad4\u5c64\u9001\u81f3 Switch Hub<\/p>\n

\u7576\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u5230 Switch Hub \u6642\uff0cSwitch Hub \u7d93\u5224\u8b80\u5c01\u5305\u7684 Hearder \u5f97\u77e5\u76ee\u7684 MAC Address\uff0c\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u5c01\u5305\u4e1f\u7d66\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u50b3\u9001\u3002\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u63a5\u6536\u5c01\u5305\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u5f9e\u6700\u4e0b\u5c64\uff0c\u5c64\u5c64\u5206\u89e3\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u5206\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u4e0a\u50b3\u5230\u7db2\u8def\u5c64 (IP \u5c64)\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u4f86\u6e90 IP Address
    * \u518d\u5f80\u4e0a\u5230\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64 (TCP .or. UDP)\u6642\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u51fa port \u503c\uff0c\u4f9d\u5176\u503c\u8f49\u7d66\u9069\u7576\u4e4b\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f
    * \u5230\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u4e09\u5c64(process\/application)\u6642\uff1a\u7531\u7db2\u8def\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63a5\u6536\u4f86\u81ea\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u8cc7\u6599<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u5167\u8207\u7db2\u5916\u7bc0\u9ede\u5982\u4f55\u6e9d\u901a<\/p>\n

\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6709\u8cc7\u6599\u8981\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u5176\u50b3\u9001\u904e\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u4e0b\u5230\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u6642\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f86\u6e90 IP \u53ca\u76ee\u7684\u5730 IP
    * \u518d\u5f80\u4e0b\u5230\u8cc7\u6599\u9375\u7d50\u5c64\u6642\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a Router 1 \u7684 MAC Address
      \u56e0\u70ba\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u5206\u6790\u5f8c\u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8207\u4ed6\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u6703\u628a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684 MAC Address \u8a2d\u6210 Gateway MAC Address\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300aRouter 1\u300b\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc Router 1 \u8981\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u8def\u5f91\u901a\u5f80 Router 2 \uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002
    * \u9001\u5230 Router 1 \u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u9375\u7d50\u5c64\u6642\uff1aRouter 1 \u6703\u628a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684 MAC Address \u6539\u6210 Router 2 \uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u7531\u8def\u7531\u8868\u5224\u5b9a\uff0c\u9001\u81f3 Router 2
    * \u7576\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u81f3 Router 2 \u6642\uff1aRouter 2 \u6703\u6839\u64da\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\u7684 IP ←→ MAC \u5c0d\u7167\u8868(ARP \u8868)\uff0c\u628a\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u81f3\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f
      \u5982\u679c\uff0cRouter 2 \u5728 ARP \u8868\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684 IP Address \u8207 MAC \u5c0d\u7167\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5728\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\u9032\u884c ARP \u5ee3\u64ad\uff0c\u5411\u5404\u7bc0\u9ede\u8a62\u554f\uff1a\u3010\u8acb\u64c1\u6709\u6b64 IP Address \u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u628a MAC Address \u4ea4\u51fa\u4f86\u3011\uff0c\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u6b64\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5c0d Router 2 \u505a ARP \u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5f97\u5230\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f MAC Address \u7684 Router 2\uff0c\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u5c01\u5305\u50b3\u7d66\u4e86\u5b83\u3002
    * \u5f97\u5230\u4f86\u81ea\u7532\u4e3b\u6a5f\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u4e59\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u5176\u8655\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

IP \u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u70ba Ineternet Protocol Address\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5404\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7d44\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u8b58\u5225\u78bc\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u5730\u5740\u300d\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u96fb\u8166\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u88ab\u50b3\u9001\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4e5f\u8a31\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7591\u616e? \u300cMAC \u4f4d\u5740\u4e0d\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u503c\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u64d4\u4efb\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f\u300d\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u70ba\uff1a MAC Address \u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u539f\u5247\u70ba\u3010\u5ee0\u5546\u8b58\u5225\u3011\uff0b\u3010\u6d41\u6c34\u865f\u3011\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e\u5b83\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u51fa\u5ee0\u5225\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7db2\u6bb5\u6240\u5728\uff08\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u5730\u5740\u300d\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e26\u4f9d\u7db2\u6bb5\u4f86\u5340\u8fa8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5718\u9ad4\uff08Network\uff09\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u627e\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6240\u5728(IP Address\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u901a\u7528\u7684 IP Address \u7248\u672c\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff08IPv4)\u53ca\u7b2c\u516d\u7248\uff08IPv6\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\u5df2\u5ee3\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u5171\u7528\uff0c\u7b2c\u516d\u7248\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u5f85\u63a8\u5ee3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b46\u8005\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
IPv4\u53caIPv6\u4f4d\u5740\u8868\u793a\u6cd5<\/p>\n

IPv4 \u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

IPv4 \u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740\u662f\u7531\u56db\u500b\u4e2d\u9032\u4f4d\u6578\u5b57\u52a0\u4e09\u500b\u9ede\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a \u3010163.26.200.1\u3011\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u7d44\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u5f9e 0 \u5230 255 \u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u517128 \u500b\u6578\u5b57\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u56db\u7d44 (0 \u5230 28-1)\u6578\u503c\u6240\u7d44\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u7b26\u865f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7db2\u8def\u5730\u9ede\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u89c0\u5ff5\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u7bc0\u9ede\u6578\u662f 256 x 256 x 256 x 256 = 232 \u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv6 \u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u516d\u7248\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba IPv6 \u3002\u5b83\u6539\u7528 8 \u7d44\uff0c\u6bcf\u7d44 4 \u500b 16 \u9032\u4f4d\u503c\u4f86\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8a73\u898b\u4e0a\u5716\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u5176\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u70ba:<\/p>\n

  0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 \uff5e FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u9054 2128 \u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u9ede\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u6263\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fdd\u7559\u7528\u9014\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7bc4\u570d\uff08FF0x, FE8x…)\u5916\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77 IPv4 \u4f86\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u5de8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u89e3\u6c7a IPv4 \u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv4 \u7db2\u6bb5\u5206\u5272<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u7403\u901a\u7528\u7684 IP \u5b9a\u5740\u6cd5\u7248\u672c\u6709\u4e8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u5011\u7121\u8ad6\u5728\u300c\u5b9a\u5740\u5927\u5c0f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u865b\u64ecIP\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5c0b\u627e MAC\u300d…\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u505a\u6cd5\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u7db2\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u539f\u7406\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5 IPv4 \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u7db2\u6bb5\u4e4b\u5206\u5272\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7121\u8ad6\u662f IPv4 \u6216 IPv6 \uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u64d4\u7576\u8d77\u5168\u7403\u6240\u6709\u4e0a\u7db2\u8a2d\u5099\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u9023\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u9ebc\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u8a2d\u5099\u9593\u8981\u80fd\u8de8\u7e23\u3001\u8de8\u570b\u4ea4\u63db\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5206\u6bb5\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u5168\u90e8\u7684 IP \u5207\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u6bb5\u4f86\u5206\u914d\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6bcf\u5206\u5272\u5b8c\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b IP \u53ca\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b IP \uff0c\u7686\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b IP \u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u3010\u7db2\u6bb5\u4ee3\u8868\u865f\u3011\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b IP \u662f\u3010\u5ee3\u64ad\u3011\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a 163.26.200.0 – 163.26.200.255 \u9019\u500b C Class \u7684\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684 ".0" \u53ca ".255" \u7686\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u904b\u7528\u7684 IP\u3002<\/p>\n

TCP\/IP \u7684\u5206\u6bb5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u968e\u5c64\u5f0f\u5b9a\u5740\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b IP Address\u7686\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5740\u3002\u4ee5 163.26.182.34 \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \u3010163.26.182\u3011\u9019\u4e09\u7d44\u6578\u5b57\u662f\u8a72\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u3010.34\u3011\u5247\u662f\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5740\u3002\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u540c\u6bb5\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5247\u70ba\u3010\u906e\u7f69\u3011\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u906e\u7f69\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u3014 IP \u3015\u53bb\u548c\u3014\u906e\u7f69\u3015\u7684\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u78bc\u505a AND \u908f\u8f2f\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u82e5\u5169\u7d44\u4e0d\u540c IP \u548c\u67d0\u4e00\u906e\u7f69 AND \u908f\u8f2f\u904b\u7b97\u5b8c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4ed6\u5011\u8655\u518d\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\u3002\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69 NetMask<\/strong><\/font>
AND \u904b\u7b97<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u7684 AND \u908f\u8f2f\u904b\u7b97\u662f\u8aaa\uff1a \u53ea\u6709\u300a1+1\u300b\u624d\u7b49\u65bc 1 \uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u52a0\u7686\u662f 0\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c \u300a1+0\u300b\u300a0+1\u300b\u300a0+0\u300b\u7686\u7b49\u65bc 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8209\u5217\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\u8acb\u554f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u7d44 IPv4 Addres\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u7d44\u7684\u5169\u500b IP \u662f\u4f4d\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\uff1f \u5b83\u5011\u7684 NetMask \u7686\u662f 255.255.255.128<\/p>\n

    IP1: 163.26.108.130  → 10100011.00011010.01101100.10000010
    IP2: 163.26.108.201  → 10100011.00011010.01101100.11001001
Netmask: 255.255.255.128 → 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000<\/p>\n

    IP3: 163.26.100.130  → 10100011.00011010.01100100.10000010
    IP4: 163.26.108.36   → 10100011.00011010.01101100.00100100
Netmask: 255.255.255.128 → 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7d44\uff1a
    IP1: 163.26.108.130     IP2: 163.26.108.201
AND
\u904b\u7b97     10100011.00011010.01101100.10000010
+ 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
————————————–
10100011.00011010.01101100.10000000     10100011.00011010.01101100.11001001
+ 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
————————————–
10100011.00011010.01101100.10000000
\u7d50\u679c     163.26.108.128     163.26.108.128<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7d44\uff1a
    IP3: 163.26.108.130     IP4: 163.26.108.36
AND
\u904b\u7b97     10100011.00011010.01101100.10000010
+ 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
————————————–
10100011.00011010.01101100.10000000     10100011.00011010.01101100.00100100
+ 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
————————————–
10100011.00011010.01101100.00000000
\u7d50\u679c     163.26.108.128     163.26.108.0<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a AND \u904b\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7d44\u5f97\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7d44\u5247\u5426\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u7d44\u7684\u5169\u500b IP Address \u662f\u4f4d\u5728\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u6240\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u7db2\u6bb5\u4ee3\u8868\u865f\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u80fd\u52d5\u7684 IP Address\u3002<\/p>\n

IPv4 \u7db2\u8def\u5206\u6bb5\u539f\u5247<\/p>\n

IPv4 \u7684\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u6240\u8b02 A Class\u3001B Class \u53ca C Class \u7b49\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 A class , B class, C class \u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a<\/p>\n

(\u4e00). \u570b\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7d44\u7e54\u5206\u914d IP \u7db2\u6bb5\u7d66\u5404\u570b\u5404\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u904a\u6232\u898f\u5247\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * A Class : 0 – 127.xxx.xxx.xxx \u7684 IP (0xxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx)\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b A Class \u7684\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u51fa\u53bb\u3002
    * B Class : 128- 191.xxx.xxx.xxx \u7684 IP(10xxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxx)\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u5207\u6210 B Class \u7684\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u51fa\u53bb\u3002
    * C Class: 192 – 223.xxx.xxx.xxx \u7684 IP(110xxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxx)\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u5207\u6210 C Class \u7684\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u51fa\u53bb\u3002
    * 224.xxx.xxx.xxx \u7684 IP \u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014<\/p>\n

(\u4e8c). \u53e6\u4e00\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a08\u91cf\u55ae\u4f4d<\/p>\n

    * \u4e00\u500b A Class \u7684\u91cf\uff1a A.0.0.0 — A.255.255.255 \u5171 256 x 256 x 256 \uff1d 16, 777,216 \u500b IP\u3002
    * \u4e00\u500b B Class \u7684\u91cf\uff1a A.A.0.0 — A.A.255.255 \u5171 256 x 256 = 65,536 \u500b IP\u3002
    * \u4e00\u500b C Class \u7684\u91cf\uff1a A.A.A.0 — A.A.A.255 \u5171 256 \u500b IP\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u5b9a\u906e\u7f69<\/p>\n

\u5728\u524d\u6587\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u662f\u7d66 IPv4 Address \u53ca Netmask\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u5224\u65b7\u9019\u4e9b IP Address \u662f\u5426\u4f4d\u8655\u540c\u4e00\u7db2\u6bb5\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u7d66\u4e00\u500b IPv4 Address \u53ca\u5176\u7db2\u6bb5\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u906e\u7f69\u7684\u6578\u5b57? \u8acb\u898b\u4e0b\u6587\u5206\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b C Class \u70ba\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4ee5 163.26.200.0 \u4e00\u500b C Class \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u662f\uff1a 163.26.200.0 — 163.26.200.255 \u3002\u8f49\u6210\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
10100011.00011010.11001000.00000000<\/p>\n

\u2502
10100011.00011010.11001000.11111111<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u7acb\u906e\u7f69\u7684\u539f\u5247\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u3010\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740\uff1a\u4e0d\u6703\u8b8a\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5982 163.26.200\uff1a\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u906e\u7f69\u503c\u7686\u586b \u300a1\u300b\u3011
    * \u3010\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5740\uff1a\u6703\u8b8a\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5982\u6700\u5f8c\u7684 0 – 255\uff1a\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u906e\u7f69\u503c\u7686\u586b\u300a0\u300b\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u6b64\u539f\u5247\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u906e\u7f69\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\uff1a 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (\u524d\u9762\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u586b 1\uff0c\u6703\u8b8a\u52d5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u586b 0 )
    * \u906e\u7f69\u5341\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\uff1a 255.255.255.0
    * \u7531\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5171\u5f97\u5230 24 \u500b \u300a1\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u7db2\u6bb5\u4e5f\u5beb\u6210 163.26.200.0\/24
    * \u503c\u300c24\u300d\u5728 IPv6 \u53eb\u505a prefix 24\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u534a\u500b C Class \u70ba\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4ee5 163.26.108.128 \u958b\u59cb\u4e4b\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5 C Class \u7db2\u6bb5\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u662f\uff1a 163.26.108.128 — 163.26.108.255\uff0c\u8f49\u6210\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
10100011.00011010.01101100.10000000<\/p>\n

\u2502
10100011.00011010.01101100.11111111<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * \u906e\u7f69\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\uff1a11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
    * \u906e\u7f69\u5341\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\uff1a255.255.255.128
    * \u7531\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5171\u5f97 25 \u500b\u300a1\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u7db2\u6bb5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a18\u6210 163.26.108.128\/25<\/p>\n

\u7d66\u67d0\u500b\u7db2\u5740\u53ca\u906e\u7f69\uff0c\u8acb\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u7db2\u6bb5\u4ee3\u8868\u865f\u53ca\u5ee3\u64ad\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\uff0c\u82e5\u53ea\u7d66\u60a8\u4e00\u500b IP \u503c\uff0c\u518d\u544a\u8a34\u60a8\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69\uff0c\u60a8\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u7b97\u51fa\u6b64\u7db2\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u865f\u53ca\u5ee3\u64ad\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u578b\u5f0f\u5beb\u51fa\u8a72\u7db2\u6bb5\u3002
\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a 163.26.119.131 \/ 255.255.255.192<\/p>\n

10100011.00011010.01110111.10000011\/11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000<\/p>\n

    * \u5206\u6790\u4e00\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u5171\u6709 26 \u500b\u6578\u5b57\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b8a\u5316
    * \u5206\u6790\u4e8c\uff1a\u6240\u4ee5 10100011. 00011010. 01110111. 10 (163.26.119.128 \u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u8b8a\u5316\u7684)
    * \u5206\u6790\u4e09\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c(\u4ee3\u8868\u865f)\u4fbf\u662f\uff1a 10100011. 00011010. 01110111. 10000000 (163.26.119.128)
    * \u5206\u6790\u56db\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u503c(\u5ee3\u64ad)\u4fbf\u662f\uff1a 10100011. 00011010. 01110111. 10111111 (163.26.119.191)
    * \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7db2\u6bb5\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5beb\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a 163.26.119.128\/26<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u696d\uff1a 163.26.62.90 \/ 255.255.255.192<\/p>\n

    * \u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u8acb\u81ea\u884c\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u500b\u503c\u8f49\u6210\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e IP<\/strong><\/font>\uff1f<\/strong><\/font>
IPv4 \u5206\u914d\u539f\u5247<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u4ecb\u63a5\u81f3\u5b78\u8853\u7db2\u8def\u6642\uff0c\u7686\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f 1 \u500b C Class\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u534a\u500b\u6216 1\/4 \u500b C Class\uff0c\u800c\u7db2\u6bb5\u5167\u67d0\u4e9b IP \u662f\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7528\u9014\u7684\uff0c\u89e3\u8aaa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    * Network\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b IP \u662f\u7db2\u6bb5\u4ee3\u8868\u865f
    * DNS Server\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b IP \u7d66 DNS Server \u4f7f\u7528
    * \u9632\u706b\u7246\uff1a \u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b IP
    * L3 Switch (\u8def\u7531\u5668)\uff1a\u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b IP
    * \u5ee3\u64ad\uff1a\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b IP<\/p>\n

IPv6 \u5206\u914d\u539f\u5247<\/p>\n

    * IPv6 \u5404\u6821\u914d\u767c\u67e5\u8a62 http:\/\/voip.tnc.edu.tw\/ngn\/ipv6-iplist.pdf
    * DNS1 Server\uff1a2001:288:75xx::1
    * DNS2 Server\uff1a2001:288:75xx::2 (\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\uff09
    * L3 Switch (\u8def\u7531\u5668)\uff1a 2001:288:75xx::ff<\/p>\n

IPv6 \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u770b\u5b8c IPv4 \u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u89c0\u5ff5\u5f8c\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u7406\u89e3 IPv6 \u4fbf\u4e0d\u6703\u592a\u5927\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u800c\u95dc\u65bc IPv6 \u7684\u89e3\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5df2\u8457\u58a8\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u8acb\u5927\u5bb6\u53c3\u95b1\u3002<\/p>\n

    * IPv6 \u53c3\u8003\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a http:\/\/ipv6.tnc.edu.tw\/ipv6<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u786c\u9ad4<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8b1b\u5b8c\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u66a8\u5176\u7c21\u6613\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u5f8c\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u8981\u8ac7\u8ac7\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e9b\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u8a2d\u5099\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\uff0c\u4e26\u7c21\u55ae\u4ea4\u4ee3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u8b80\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u7a31\u4e4b\u547d\u540d\u7531\u4f86\u3002
\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u8def\u62d3\u6a38<\/p>\n

\u7db2\u8def\u62d3\u6a38\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a<\/p>\n

   1. \u4f9d\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u96fb\u5b50\u8a0a\u865f\u5728\u8a2d\u5099\u9593\u4ea4\u63db\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u53ca\u5176\u539f\u7406\u800c\u5b9a
   2. \u4f9d\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u5b89\u88dd\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u4f48\u7dda\u578b\u5f0f\u4f86\u770b<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u5927\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6240\u8ca9\u8ce3\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u6709\u7dda\u6216\u7121\u7dda\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def (ethernet)\u4e4b\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a(802.3)\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u5404\u570b\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b78\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u8a2d\u5099\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u53ea\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def\u505a\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u3002\u5176\u9918\uff0c\u8acb\u81ea\u884c\u53c3\u8003\u76f8\u66f8\u7c4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def(ethernet)\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong><\/font>
\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u905e\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n

\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def\u8a0a\u865f\u50b3\u9001\u7684\u62d3\u6a38\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u3010\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u5f0f(BUS)\uff0b\u5ee3\u64ad\u3011\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u7d93\u7531\u540c\u4e00\u689d\u516c\u5171\u8d70\u9053\u9001\u51fa\u8a0a\u606f\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u7532\u96fb\u8166\u8981\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u7d66\u4e59\u96fb\u8166\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u7532\u628a\u8cc7\u6599\u7d93\u7531\u532f\u6d41\u6392\uff08 BUS\uff09\u5ee3\u64ad\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u63a5\u5230\u5c01\u5305\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u4e1f\u68c4\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4e59\u96fb\u8166\u62c6\u5c01\u5f8c\uff0c\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u628a\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u6b64\u4e00\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 BUS \u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u4e00\u53f0\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u82e5\u5169\u53f0\u540c\u6642\u50b3\u9001\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u78b0\u649e(Collision)\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b64\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5b83\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u8f09\u6ce2\u611f\u61c9\u591a\u91cd\u5b58\u53d6\uff0f\u78b0\u649e\u5075\u6e2c (Carrier Sense Multiple Access \/ Collision Detection; CSMA\/CD) \u57fa\u983b\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u8a2d\u5099\u8981\u9001\u8a0a\u865f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u807d\u4e00\u4e0b(listen)\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u6c92\u4eba\u7528\uff0c\u624d\u9001\u51fa\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u82e5\u6709\u4eba\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u5169\u53f0\u540c\u6642\u5075\u6e2c\u5230\u6c92\u4eba\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u9001\u51fa\u5c01\u5305\u800c\u767c\u751f\u78b0\u649e\u3002\u4e00\u78b0\u649e\uff0c\u6b64\u7bc0\u9ede\u6703\u7acb\u5373\u767c\u51fa\u64c1\u585e(jam)\u8a0a\u606f\u5230 BUS \u4e0a\u3002\u6b64\u4e00 BUS \u4e0a\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\u63a5\u5230 jam \u8a0a\u606f\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u4e2d\u6b62\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u904e\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u624d\u53c8\u96a8\u6a5f\u555f\u52d5\u50be\u807d\uff0f\u50b3\u9001\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u642d\u914d\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u5716 (\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u4e0b\u5716)\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u4f9d\u5716\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u8166\u9593\u5229\u7528 RG58 \u7dda\u6750(\u985e\u4f3c\u96fb\u8996\u7b2c\u56db\u53f0\u7684\u8a0a\u865f\u7dda)\uff0c\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\u6210\u7684 BUS \u4f86\u6e9d\u901a\u8a0a\u606f\u3002
Net rg58.png<\/p>\n

\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668 bridge<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u82e5\u540c\u4e00\u689d BUS \u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6578\u592a\u591a\u53f0\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u5927\u589e\u3002\u7db2\u8def\u6703\u56e0\u70ba jam \u592a\u591a\u800c\u7de9\u6162\u4e0d\u582a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u300a\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u300b\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u4f86\u5207\u5272\u78b0\u649e\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\u3002\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u5169\u5074\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u78b0\u649e\u5340\u57df\u3002\uff21\u5340\u7684\u7532\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u8981\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u7d66\uff22\u5340\u7684\u620a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u6642\u3002\u7532\u5728\uff21\u5340\u5148\u505a\u5ee3\u64ad\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u6b64\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u7d93\u62c6\u5c01\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u7684 MAC \u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5728\uff22\u5340\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u6703\u5728\uff22\u5340\u518d\u5ee3\u64ad\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u620a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u554f\u984c\u4f86\u4e86\uff1a\u3010\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u600e\u9ebc\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u7684 MAC \u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u5340\uff1f\u3011\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u6703\u70ba A \u53ca B \u5340\u5efa\u7acb MAC Address \u6e05\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u63db\u5f0f\u96c6\u7dda\u5668 (L2 Switch Hub)<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u8b1b\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u8af8\u4f4d\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u3010\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u54e1\u90fd\u6c92\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff1f\u3011\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u7686\u662f\u53e4\u8463\u7d1a\u7684\u6771\u897f\u4e86\u3002\u5f9e\u73fe\u5728\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u958b\u59cb\u8b1b\u76ee\u524d\u5404\u6821\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5f9e\u4ea4\u63db\u5f0f\u96c6\u7dda\u5668 (Switch Hub)\u8b1b\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u8207 Bridge \u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u53ea\u770b\u5f97\u61c2 MAC \u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u5206\u5340\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a\u3010\u5982\u679c\u8cb7\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u6bcf\u53f0\u96fb\u8166\u7686\u6709\u5176\u5c08\u5c6c\u7684\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u64d4\u5fc3\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ce\uff1f\u3011\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u5206\u5340\u53ea\u653e\u4e00\u53f0\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u78b0\u4e0d\u8457\u4e86\u3002\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u500b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u5c31\u53eb\u300a\u4ea4\u63db\u5f0f\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u300b\uff0cSwitch Hub \u6bcf\u500b port \uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u9023\u63a5\u4e00\u53f0\u8a2d\u5099\u3002\u5728\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u6703\u52d5\u614b\u8a18\u9304\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684 MAC Address\uff0c\u7576\u6709\u5169\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u9593\u8981\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u6642\uff0cSwitch Hub \u4fbf\u6703\u4f9d\u5404\u81ea\u7684 MAC Address \u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c08\u5c6c\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u4e00\u65e6\u50b3\u9001\u5b8c\u7562\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5207\u65b7\u3002\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u662f\u5728 OSI \u4e03\u5c64\u6b21\u67b6\u69cb\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\uff08\u8cc7\u6599\u9023\u63a5\u5c64\uff09\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u6700\u524d\u9762\u6703\u52a0\u500b\u300cL2\u300d\u5b57\u6a23\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u6839\u64da MAC Address \u50b3\u9001\u5c01\u5305\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5c01\u5305\u5167\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u662f\u7b2c\u5e7e\u4ee3(v4 or v6)\uff0c\u8207\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n

Switch Hub \u5728\u5be6\u9ad4\u4f48\u7dda\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u55ae\u4e00\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u661f\u72c0\u62d3\u6a38\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u7686\u628a\u7dda\u6750\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u5b83\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u518d\u7531\u5b83\u4f86\u70ba\u5404\u7bc0\u9ede\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u4ee5\u6574\u500b\u5b78\u54e1\u7684\u4f48\u7dda\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u53f0\u53f0\u7684\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u5806\u758a\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\u50cf\u662f\u6a39\u72c0\u62d3\u6a38\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u55ae\u4e00\u53f0\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u7686\u6709\u5176\u55ae\u4e00MAC\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u53f0\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u600e\u9ebc\u4ea4\u63db\u9019\u4e9b MAC \u4f4d\u5740?\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u5728 IEEE 802.3 \u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u65e9\u5c31\u6709\u59a5\u5584\u7684\u898f\u756b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u786c\u9ad4\u5ee0\u5546\u53ea\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5176\u898f\u756b\u505a\u6210\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4e92\u901a\u3002\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u8981\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u7d44\u5408(switch hub set)\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u4e00\u53f0\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u5c31\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u63db\u5f0f\u8def\u7531\u5668 (L3 Switch Router)<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u63db\u5f0f\u96c6\u7dda\u5668\u53ea\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u6821\u5167\u7db2\u8def\u5404\u7bc0\u9ede\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\uff0c\u8981\u4e0a\u5230\u5b78\u8853\u7db2\u8def (TANet) \u6216\u662f InterNet \uff0c\u53c8\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa8\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728 Internet \u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8981\u627e\u5230\u5c0d\u65b9\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u300aIP Address\u300b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9760 MAC Address\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6821\u5167\u7684\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u53ea\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u5404\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684 MAC Address \uff0c\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u6191 IP Address \u627e\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6821\u5167\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u8981\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u9060\u65b9\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa8\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u5e6b\u5fd9\u627e\u51fa\u9023\u7d50\u5c0d\u65b9\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u8cc7\u6599\u4e1f\u904e\u53bb\u3002\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5e6b\u5fd9\u627e\u8def\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\u5c31\u53eb\u3010\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u89e3\u6790 IP Address \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u96b8\u5c6c\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c64\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7db2\u8def\u6280\u8853\u6982\u8ad6\uff08Linux\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u8a2d\u6280\u8853\uff09 \u7db2\u8def\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u5b78\u54e1\u7db2\u7ba1\u4eba\u54e1\u53c3\u8003\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5c0d\u7db2\u7ba1\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u6545\u969c\u5075\u932f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":509,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[20],"class_list":["post-43","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-15","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}