{"id":47,"date":"2023-06-05T13:02:55","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T05:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pro369.com\/linux\/?p=47"},"modified":"2019-10-01T01:12:00","modified_gmt":"2019-09-30T17:12:00","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%adnat%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%ef%bc%88linux%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%ad%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/por.tw\/linux\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%adnat%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%ef%bc%88linux%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9e%b6%e8%a8%ad%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u67b6\u8a2dNAT\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff08Linux\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u8a2d\u6280\u8853\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u67b6\u8a2dNAT\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff08Linux\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u8a2d\u6280\u8853\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u4f86\u67b6\u8a2dNAT\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a IPv4 \u4f4d\u5740\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002
\n\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u5206\u914d\u7684 IPv4 Address \u7bc4\u570d\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u5efa\u7f6e\u7684 NGN \u5c08\u6848\u7121\u7dda AP \uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4 IPv4 Address \u4e0d\u8db3\u3002
\n\u800c IPv6 Address \u5c1a\u672a\u666e\u53ca\u81f3\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u82e5\u55ae\u7528 IPv6 Address \u6703\u9020\u6210\u67d0\u4e9b\u9ede\u9023\u7dda\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u5efa\u8b70\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7f6e NAT \u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b64\u4e00\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NAT\u4e3b\u6a5f<\/span>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000NAT \u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8b1b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528 Linux Server \u4f86\u67b6\u8a2d\u4e00\u53f0 IP \u5206\u4eab\u5668\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u5c0d\u5916\u53ea\u9700\uff11\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4 IP \uff0c\u5c0d\u5167\u537b\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7d44\u7684 IP \uff0c\u4f9b\u6574\u9593\u96fb\u8166\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u53ca\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u4ee5\u865b\u64ec IP \u4e0a\u7db2\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5916\u9762\u6240\u8ce3\u7684 IP \u5206\u4eab\u5668\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u9808\u555f\u7528 DHCP Server \u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u914d\u9001\u865b\u64ec IPv4 \u4f4d\u5740\u7d66\u7d42\u7aef\u8a2d\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux Server \u7684 NAT \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u5229\u7528 Netfilter \u6a5f\u5236\u4ee5 iptables\u6307\u4ee4\u9054\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u9054\u6210 IP \u5206\u4eab\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9396\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u7684 MAC \u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u5916\u653b\u64ca\u5176\u4ed6\u96fb\u8166\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8a73\u7d30\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5be6\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7db2\u5361\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5169\u5f35\u7db2\u5361
\nNAT \u4e3b\u6a5f\u5c0d CPU \u8207 RAM \u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u7db2\u5361\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8b70\u63a1\u7528 INTEL \u6216 3COM \u7684\u7db2\u5361\u6703\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u82e5\u771f\u7684\u6709\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981 RealTek \u7684 R8169(GB) \u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002
\n\u5be6\u9ad4\u7db2\u5361\u7684\u5224\u5225\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u6253\u958b\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\uff0c\u628a\u7db2\u8def\u7dda\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u518d\u4e0b dmesg \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u8a0a\u606f\u6700\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u5230\u300ceth0: link becomes ready \u300d\u5b57\u6a23\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u7db2\u5361\u4ecb\u9762\u662f eth0 \u3002
\n\u5c0d\u5916\u7db2\u5361\u4f7f\u7528\u5be6\u9ad4 IPv4 \u4f4d\u5740
\n\u5c0d\u5167\u7db2\u5361\u4f7f\u7528\u865b\u64ec IP \u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u7db2\u5361\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\u503c\u4e0d\u5f97\u6709 gateway \u503c
\n* \u4f9d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7db2\u5361\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5716\u793a\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

* \u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/network\/interfaces \u5167\u5bb9\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b
\nroot@nat:~# vi \/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/p>\n

autleth0 eth1
\niface linet loopback<\/p>\n

iface eth0 inet static
\naddress 163.26.108.132
\nnetwork 163.26.108.128
\nnetmask 255.255.255.128
\nbroadcast 163.26.108.255
\ngateway 163.26.108.254<\/p>\n

iface eth1 inet static
\naddress 192.168.1.1
\nnetwork 192.168.1.0
\nnetmask 255.255.255.0
\nbroadcast 192.168.1.255<\/p>\n

\u555f\u52d5DHCP Server<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u5b89\u88dd dhcp3-server \u5957\u4ef6
\nroot@nat:# apt-get install dhcp3-server
\n* \u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/default\/dhcp3-server , \u628a\u8981\u914d\u9001 ip \u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5361\u4ee3\u865f\u5beb\u5165, \u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u4f8b<\/p>\n

INTERFACES=”eth1″<\/p>\n

* Linux sqz \u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cdhcp3-server \u5957\u4ef6\u5df2\u6539\u6210 isc-dhcp-server (\u4f46\u5b89\u88dd\u6642\u4ecd\u662f apt-get install dhcp3-server)
\n\u555f\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u8b8a\u6210 \/etc\/init.d\/isc-dhcp-server
\nroot@dns:~# service isc-dhcp-server start|stop
\n\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6703\u8b8a\u6210 \/etc\/dhcp
\n\u5be6\u969b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4
\nroot@dns:~# dpkg -L isc-dhcp-server \u5217\u51fa\u5957\u4ef6\u6a94\u6848\u5217\u8868\u5f97\u77e5
\n* \u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/dhcp3\/dhcpd.conf , \u52a0\u81f3\u6a94\u5c3e(\u4ee5\u914d\u9001 192.168.1.0 \u70ba\u4f8b)<\/p>\n

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
\nsubnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
\nrange 192.168.1.51 192.168.1.200 ;
\noption broadcast-address 192.168.1.255 ;
\noption routers 192.168.1.1 ;
\noption domain-name-servers 168.95.1.1, 168.95.192.1 ;
\n}<\/p>\n

# \u82e5\u8981\u5206\u914d\u7684\u662f\u865b\u64ec IP, \u9019\u908a\u8981\u624b\u52d5\u984d\u5916\u52a0\u5165\u7db2\u6bb5
\nsubnet 163.26.108.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 {<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

Linux sqz \u8a18\u5f97\u6539\u6210 \/etc\/dhcp\/dhcpd.conf<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u5217<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/rc.local \u4e0b\u9762\u6240\u5217\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u9805\u76ee
\nroot@nat:~# vi \/etc\/rc.local<\/p>\n

# \u6253\u958b\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u56db\u884c
\n\/sbin\/modprobe ip_conntrack
\n\/sbin\/modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp
\n\/sbin\/modprobe iptable_nat
\n\/sbin\/modprobe ip_nat_ftp
\n……
\n###—————————————————–###
\n# \u8a2d\u5b9a\u5916\u90e8\u7db2\u6bb5 IP \u53ca\u4ecb\u9762
\n###—————————————————–###
\nech”Set external ……”
\necho<\/p>\n

# \u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u6253\u958b FW_IFACE
\nFW_IP=”163.26.108.132″
\nFW_IP_RANGE=”163.26.108.128\/25″
\nFW_IFACE=”eth0″<\/p>\n

###—————————————————–###
\n# \u8a2d\u5b9a\u5167\u90e8\u7db2\u6bb5 IP \u53ca\u4ecb\u9762
\n###—————————————————–###
\nech”Set internal ……”
\necho<\/p>\n

LAN_IP=”192.168.1.1″
\nLAN_IP_RANGE=”192.168.1.0\/24″
\nLAN_BCAST_ADRESS=”192.168.1.255″
\nLAN_IFACE=”eth1″<\/p>\n

……<\/p>\n

###—————————————————–###
\n# \u6253\u958b forward
\n###—————————————————–###
\n#ech”Enable ip_forward ……”
\n#echo<\/p>\n

ech”1″ > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward<\/p>\n

……<\/p>\n

###—————————————————–###
\n# \u555f\u52d5\u5167\u90e8\u5c0d\u5916\u8f49\u5740
\n###—————————————————–###<\/p>\n

$IPTABLES -t nat -A POSTROUTING -$FW_IFACE -j SNAT –to-source $FW_IP<\/p>\n

* \u5957\u7528\u65b0\u898f\u5247\u5217
\nroot@nat:~# service rc.local start
\n* \u6aa2\u67e5 NAT \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u8a2d\u5b9a
\nroot@dns:~# iptables -t nat -L<\/p>\n

* \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6539\u5230\u6b64\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u555f\u52d5\u5c01\u5305\u8f49\u9001\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u57e0\u63a7\u7ba1\u5c1a\u672a\u8655\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u5357\u7e23 NGN \u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5efa\u8b70\u53ea\u8981\u505a\u5230\u6b64\u6b65\u9a5f\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u8a2d\u5b9a\u901a\u8a0a\u57e0\u7684\u63a7\u7ba1\uff0c\u514d\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a2d\u5099\u7121\u6cd5\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u7db2\u7ba1\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8a0a\u57e0\u7ba1\u5236<\/span>
\n\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u539f Linux \u4e0a\u7684 \/etc\/rc.local \u53ea\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f49\u9001\u5c01\u5305\uff08\u865b\u64ec IP \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7db2\uff09\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u898f\u5247\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5c0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9396\u901a\u8a0a\u57e0\u4f5c\u6cd5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u7e7c\u7e8c\u4fee\u6539\u898f\u5247\u5217 \/etc\/rc.local
\n* \u7dad\u6301 INPUT, OUTPUT, FORWARD \u662f\u958b\u653e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6539\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u7d05\u5b57\u7684\u898f\u5247\u5217\u52a0\u5230\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

……
\n###—————————————————–###
\n# \u555f\u52d5\u5916\u90e8\u5c0d\u5167\u90e8\u8f49\u5740
\n###—————————————————–###
\n# \u51e1\u5c0d $FW_IP:8080 \u9023\u7dda\u8005, \u5247\u8f49\u5740\u81f3 192.168.1.3:80
\n#$IPTABLES -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d $FW_IP –dport 8080 -j DNAT –t192.168.1.3:80
\n###—————————————————–###<\/p>\n

###—————————————————–###
\n# \u62d2\u7d55\u67d0\u4e00\u5167\u90e8 IP \u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e00\u901a\u9053
\n###—————————————————–###<\/p>\n

#——————————————————————–
\n# NAT\u5c0d\u5916\u9023\u7dda\u9396 TCP \u57e0\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9032\u5165\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u53ea\u7ba1\u51fa\u53bb\u5c01\u5305
\n# \u88ab\u52d5\u5f0f ftp \u5728\u7d93\u904e port 21 \u5354\u5546\u5f8c\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u4ee5\u672c\u5730\u7aef 1024:65535 \u5c0d ftp server:1024:65535\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9650\u5236
\n# \u9023\u7dda\u72c0\u614b\u70ba\uff1a\u300cRELATED\u300d\u53ca\u300cESTABLISHED\u300d\u5c01\u5305\u3002\u5373\u53ef\u907f\u514d NAT \u5167\u96fb\u8166\u5c0d\u5916\u6383\u63cf\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 FTP \u670d\u52d9
\n#——————————————————————–
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 21 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –sport 1024:65535 –dport 1024:65535 -m state –state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n# \u5c0d\u5916 SSH \u9023\u7dda
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
\n# \u5c0d\u5916 SMTP \u5bc4\u4fe1
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 25 -j ACCEPT
\n# \u5c0d\u5916 DNS \u67e5\u8a62
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
\n# \u5c0d\u5916\u700f\u89bd\u7db2\u9801(\u542b\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u901a\u5831\u9ede\u63a181\u57e0)
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 80:81 -j ACCEPT
\n# POP3 \u6536\u4fe1
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 110 -j ACCEPT
\n# NTPDate \u7db2\u8def\u6821\u6642
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 123 -j ACCEPT
\n# HTTPS
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 443 -j ACCEPT
\n# VNC \u2192 TCP port range: 5900 ~ 5906
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 5900:5906 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 –dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p tcp -s any\/0 -j DROP<\/p>\n

#——————————————————————–
\n# UDP \u57e0\u7684\u90e8\u5206
\n#——————————————————————–
\n# DNS\u67e5\u8a62
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p udp -s any\/0 –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
\n# VOIP\u96fb\u8a71
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p udp -s any\/0 –dport 5060:5061 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p udp -s any\/0 –dport 41000:41999 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p udp -s any\/0 –dport 55000:65000 -j ACCEPT
\n$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -$FW_IFACE -p udp -s any\/0 -j DROP<\/p>\n

###—————————————————–###
\n# \u62d2\u7d55\u5916\u90e8 IP \u9023\u81f3\u5167\u90e8 port \u865f
\n###—————————————————–###
\n……<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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